Dr. Nicolas Lanthier (Belgium) reviews the interaction between the gut microbiota and PPARs in NAFLD. He discusses the microbiota and its link to NAFLD and IR, where he explains the key role of the gut microbes in the metabolism of their host and highlights how liver becomes the first organ to be exposed to gut changes.
Prof. Rautou, France, discusses a critical component of the diagnosis and management of NASH: biomarkers. There are 2 aspects: fibrosis and diagnosis. Diagnosis is a field of investigations. Microvesicles could play a role.
Prof Sven Francque, Belgium, shares highlights from a recent paper in Nature reviews. PPARs regulate metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis, all of which determine NASH progression. Both PPARα-β/δ dual agonism as well as PPARγ agonism have shown beneficial effects on liver histology in phase IIb clinical trials for NASH.
Prof Roden, Germany explains why PPAR’s are interesting therapeutic targets not only to improve adipose tissue function but also for the liver. The approach can go beyond the improvement of liver function and aim at a more systemic approach with cardiovascular benefits.
Prof Sacks, USA reviews the available data about PPAR alpha delta and the Elafibranor clinical program (RESOVE-IT). The interim results were presented earlier this year. They are somewhat disappointing (especially regarding the primary liver outcome).
Prof Sacks, USA reviews the available data about PPAR gamma agonist (Pioglitazone) especially data from the PROACTIVE study published in the Lancet in 2005
Prof Sacks, USA summarises what we know about the PPARs lipid effects. If the strongest evidence is with PPAR-alpha agonists for which the main lipid effect is lowering triglycerids, the are interesting information to discuss about PPAR-delta (Seladelpar).
Prof Sacks, Harvard Medical School, discusses the link between PPAR agonists and plasma lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease. He explains how free fatty acids go to the liver and become lipotoxic. This activates inflammation in the liver which in turn reacts.
Prof. Frank Tacke discusses a paper in press in the Journal of Hepatology regarding the role of PPAR’s in experimental models and how these PPAR’s affect the progression of liver disease.
Prof. Jean-François Dufour (Switzerland) explores PPARs to NAFLD28 as a systemic disease with metabolic changes in Adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver and endothelium.
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