It has been hypothesised that ethanol produced by the gut microbiome may contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). If ethanol is produced in clinically relevant amounts, it may affect lipid and glucose metabolism, which could prompt the development of steatosis and inflammation in the liver.
The term metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has recently been suggested as an alternative to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Unlike NAFLD, MAFLD’s diagnosis is based on the active identification of NAFLD-associated metabolic abnormalities. Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related decline of skeletal muscle function and strength. It is also associated with a loss of muscle mass.
It is well-known that patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have an increased risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and liver-related mortality. In addition to these adverse outcomes, patients with NAFLD often suffer from poor health-related quality of life, depression, and fatigue.
Noninvasive tests (NITs) have been developed as an alternative to invasive liver biopsy, the current gold standard for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) diagnosis and hepatic fibrosis stage identification. The use of NITs in clinical practice should facilitate the early diagnosis of high-risk non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Clinical recommendations for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) advise radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for symptom management and cardiovascular outcome improvement. However, approximately 50% of AF patients are affected by recurrent arrhythmia within 5 years of RFCA.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently been regarded as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to its similarities in aetiology with diabetes mellitus, obesity, and dyslipidaemia. Several studies in recent years have suggested that exposure toxic environmental compounds may contribute to liver disease onset.
Only a limited amount of data exists regarding the association between body mass index (BMI), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and adverse outcomes. It is known that obesity is a significant risk factor for NAFLD and its associated intra- and extrahepatic complications.
It is known that NAFLD is associated with intra- and extra-hepatic complications, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease. Emerging evidence has also suggested the existence of an association between NAFLD and depression.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterised by the presence of hepatic
steatosis without significant alcohol consumption or concomitant liver disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in people living with NAFLD.
Transient elastography (TE) is a non-invasive, cost-efficient, and observer-independent approach to reliably detect fibrosis and steatosis. To estimate liver fibrosis, TE uses Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM), while Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) is used to assess the percentage of liver fat.
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are at a higher risk of developing liver-related complications. This includes liver decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Although this association is well-known, no comprehensive meta-analysis comparing the clinical presentation and outcomes of NAFLD-related HCC to that of non-NAFLD-related HCC currently exists.
Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD)’s current nomenclature supports an exclusionary diagnosis, i.e. based on the ruling out of other liver disease causes instead of active case-finding. As an alternative to NAFLD, an international panel of experts has recently proposed a new definition of NAFLD, termed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), based on active identification of its associated metabolic risk factors.